ABSTRACT: Choledochal cyst is a congenital anomaly of the extrahepatic and intrahepatic bile ducts characterised by ductal dilatation and bile stasis. For initial diagnosis of this disease, simple and noninvasive technique, such as ultrasound and CT scan are commonly employed. An accurate delineation of the biliary system including the pancreaticobiliary junction should be obtained at the time of corrective operation. Told cyst excision is preferred over internal drainage because of the development of ascending cholangitis and cancer arising in the biliary cysts. Operative outcome is excellent, but patients, especially with the cystic dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts should be followed closely for a long period of time. Our experiences and other recent topics of choledochal cyst will be discussed in this article

ABSTRACT: It is established that the incidence of major congenital malformations among the preterm infants was higher-almost 1 in 12 preterm in fants. This study is aimed to find out whether congenitally malformed foetuses are naturally aborted and conversely whether spontaneous abortions are atleast in some cases due to foetal anomaly. A three fold targetting was envisaged to study this relationship between spontaneous abortion and congenital malformations. 1) A retrospective study of woman who had threatened abortion, during the year 1984, 1985 and 1986. 2) A prospective study of women who were admitted with threatened abortion during the year 1988-89. 3) All infants and children who had multiple congenital anomalies were included in this group. A thorough antenatal history of their mothers were taken for the presence of uterine bleeding indicating abortion. In this retrospective study of women, who had threatened abortion, but did not complete the process of abortion, incidence of major life threatening congenital malformations come to 1 in 12.8. Prospective study of women yield an incidence of major congenital anomalies of 1 in 8.6. In children with major congenital malformations observed during the period, the abortion related risk factors were present in 1/3rd. Overall incidence of major congenital anomalies was 1:400 deliveries. Thus a high positive relationship between threatened abortion and major life threatening congenital malformation is proved in this study. It is therefore concluded that interfering with the process of abortion with drugs is not to be recommended except in extraordinary circumstances

ABSTRACT: The records of 157 patients with Hirschsprung's Disease confined to the bowel treated by abdomino-perineal pull through over a 30 years period by a team of surgeons working in 3 institution have been studied. Duhamel's operation was done in 125 patients: other operations had been performed in 32 patients, all in the first 15 years. We have done the pull through as a primary procedure on 51 patients; on 18 of these a concur rent diversion was necessary. In 93 out of 108 patients who came with a colostomy, this was eliminated during the pullt hrough; the other 13 were more problematic. Our management policy is described together with complications encountered. Most of the difficulties of the earlier years disappeared by 1980, Both the immediate results of patients operated after this date and our long term results of the entire series compare favourably with series reported from other centres.

ABSTRACT: Seventy-two children between the ages of three months and four years had bronchoscopy for suspected foreign bodies (F.B.) in their air passages between December 1988 and September 1995. Sixty two of them had foreign bodies in their air passage. In forty eight of these patients a specific history of inhalation of F.B. were present. Reduced air entry on the affected side was present in fifty eight patients who had F.B. in the bronchus. F.B. could be removed by bronchoscopy in sixty patients. In one patient, it was removed by bronchotomy while in another patient a right upper lobectomy had to be pulmonary suppuration. Peanut was the commonest F.B. removed. Post bronchoscopy complications include incomplete removal in three, failure in one and stridor in eleven. There was no mortality

ABSTRACT: Intestinal obstruction in neonates is one of the commonest neonatal surgical emergency in pediatric surgery. Most of the literature on neonatal intestinal obstruction is from western countries. Very few contributions are available from India. A 10 year review was carried out from 1984 to 1994 at our centre to find out the various causes of neonatal intestinal obstruction in eastern U.P., Bihar and part of M.P. It constituted 38.6 percent, of intestinal obstruction in children. The commonest cause was ano-rectal malformation (50.3 percent) followed by Hirschsprung's disease, (15.7 percent 1), Bowelatresia (7.8 percent) and Maloration of gut (5.9 percent) in order of decreasing frequency (Table 1). Its presentation and outcome of management are being discussed.

ABSTRACT: A case of Underseended Testis with right sided duplex Kidney and Ureter and skeletal deformity of the spine is presented. A triad of undescended testis, duplex kidney and Vertebral malformation is described with possible etiology.

ABSTRACT: Two case reports of the rare syndrome of multiple intestinal atresias in two siblings are presented with review of Literature. A suggestion for a surgical technique is made

ABSTRACT: We report a presacral Astrocytoma Grade II-a malignancy which has not been reported before in this region and suggest its probable evolution.