ABSTRACT: A prospective study of hydrostatic reduction of intussusception under ultrasound guidance was undertaken in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical College, Trivandrum, to assess its diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic efficacy. Between February 1998 and March 1999, 50 cases of suspected intussusception were taken up for this study. Of the 50 cases, 10 had no evidence of intussusception and were discharged on the same day. Forty cases with intussusception were taken up for hydrostatic reduction under ultrasound guidance and in 32 cases complete reduction could be achieved(80 percent). The diagnostic accuracy was 100 percent and its confirmation in the totality of reduction was also 100 percent.

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ABSTRACT: An infant presented at birth with a prenatal diagnosis of a large retroperitoneal cystic mass on ultrasonograms. Operation done at the age of 2 days, revealed a large cyst which was attached to the left adrenal gland and was removed in toto. Microscopic examination revealed foci of neuroblastoma in the wall. A diagnosis of in situ neuroblastoma was made and the patient had an uneventful recovery.

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ABSTRACT: Intra-uterine mesenteric vascular catastrophe is considered to be the main etiological process in jejuno-ileal atresia. Several other rare events have also been implicated as causative factors, for example, intra-uterine volvulus, fetal intussusception, persistent vitello-intestinal duct etc., but never a duplication cyst. Here we report a case in which a spherical duplication cyst of the terminal ileum had caused atresia of a segment of ileum over it.

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ABSTRACT: An interesting, rare and complex case of ileal atresia and a unique technique of midgut decompression has been described and a new prognostic classification has been suggested.

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ABSTRACT: Rectal tuberculosis is rarely reported although the disease is endemic in India. Reports of the disease are still rarer in the pediatric age group. The authors report a case of tubercular rectal stricture in a 9-year old female child. Colonoscopy in helpful in diagnosis and histopathology is confirmatory. Patients usually respond to antitubercular treatment and surgery is required only in the event of a complication.

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ABSTRACT: Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver is a rare benign tumor. It accounts for about 5 percent of all primary liver tumors in children. So far only 140 cases have been reported in world literature. Mesenchymal hamartoma per se is not a maligant disease, but lack of treatment may cause death. Thus early operative invervention is advisable. a large mesenchymal hamartoma of the right lobe of the liver presented with right upper abdominal mass for a short duration. After clinical and investigative evaluation, laparotomy and right liver lobe resection were done. There was an initial liver function derangement. However, the child recovered completely with proper supportive measures. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of mesenchymal hamartoma.

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ABSTRACT: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in infancy is relatively unusual. This report describes a male infant with gastric teratoma who presented with one episode of melena along with upper abdominal distension since the neonatal period. Plain X-ray of the abdomen revealed a large abdominal mass with calcification. The lesion has been resected and the child is doing well.

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ABSTRACT: A case of congenital fibrosarcoma was seen in a giant melanocytic nevus, an unusual association. The condition may pose a diagnostic dilemma. The axial skeletal lesions behave differently than the extremity lesions. A long term study is required for the specific treatment of such lesions.

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ABSTRACT: Ten patients who have had revisional Posterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty between the ages of 5 and 21 have been studied. They were all born with a major anorectal malformation and had had reconstructive surgery in the past; 3 had a persistent fistula and 7 had incontinence no permitting normal social life. All have done well.

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